Microbiology

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Microbiology

Applied Microbiology is a peer-reviewed Open Access Journal, encourages on-going international research and articles related to but not limited to Medical microbiology, pathogenic microbes, Pharmaceutical microbiology (antibiotics, enzymes, vitamins, vaccines) Industrial microbiology, Microbial biotechnology, Plant pathology, Veterinary, Food, Agricultural, Soil, Environmental Microbiology, etc.

It’s our privilege to recite you as a foremost strategist in the realm of research and invite to endowment your research penmanship and publication in forth coming issue (volume 6 issue 1 ) in the form of Research, Reviews, Commentaries, Letter to Editor, Case Reports, Short Communication, Images, Conference Proceedings which will  be published in our journal.

Evolution

Carl Woese's 1990 phylogenetic tree based on rRNA data shows the domains of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota. All are microorganisms except some eukaryote groups.

Single-celled microorganisms were the first forms of life to develop on Earth, approximately 3–4 billion years ago.Further evolution was slow,and for about 3 billion years in the Precambrian eon, (much of the history of life on Earth), all organisms were microorganisms.Bacteria, algae and fungi have been identified in amber that is 220 million years old, which shows that the morphology of microorganisms has changed little since the Triassic period.The newly discovered biological role played by nickel, however — especially that brought about by volcanic eruptions from the Siberian Traps — may have accelerated the evolution of methanogens towards the end of the Permian–Triassic extinction event.

Microorganisms tend to have a relatively fast rate of evolution. Most microorganisms can reproduce rapidly, and bacteria are also able to freely exchange genes through conjugation, transformation and transduction, even between widely divergent species. This horizontal gene transfer, coupled with a high mutation rate and other means of transformation, allows microorganisms to swiftly evolve (via natural selection) to survive in new environments and respond to environmental stresses. This rapid evolution is important in medicine, as it has led to the development of multidrug resistant pathogenic bacteria, superbugs, that are resistant to antibiotics.

A possible transitional form of microorganism between a prokaryote and a eukaryote was discovered in 2012 by Japanese scientists. Parakaryon myojinensis is a unique microorganism larger than a typical prokaryote, but with nuclear material enclosed in a membrane as in a eukaryote, and the presence of endosymbionts. This is seen to be the first plausible evolutionary form of microorganism, showing a stage of development from the prokaryote to the eukaryote.

Applied Microbiology: Open Access follows Editorial Tracking System for quality in peer review process. Editorial Tracking is an online manuscript submission, review and tracking systems used by most of the best open access journals.

Submit manuscripts at https://www.longdom.org/editorial-tracking/index.php

or send as an e-mail attachment to the Editorial Office at appliedmicrobiol@microbiologyres.com, appliedmicrobiol@oajournal.org 

Manuscripts accepted for publication will be published both in English and other languages as recommended by the author.

Best Regards,

Jessica

Journal Manager

Applied Microbiology Open Access

Whatsup: +32-2-808-70-17

Email: appliedmicrobiol@oajournal.org